{"id":4121,"date":"2021-04-19T11:36:08","date_gmt":"2021-04-19T11:36:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/desteptati.ro\/?p=4121"},"modified":"2022-02-01T10:27:19","modified_gmt":"2022-02-01T08:27:19","slug":"un-cap-capitalist-dar-uman","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/desteptati-va.ro\/index.php\/2021\/04\/19\/un-cap-capitalist-dar-uman\/","title":{"rendered":"Un CAP capitalist dar „uman”"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n \t<\/i> Read Time:<\/span>10 Minute, 6 Second <\/div>\n\n <\/div>

\u00centr-o \u0163ar\u0103 aproape dependent\u0103 de alimentele din import, ce lucruri bune s-ar putea spune despre agricultur\u0103? Exist\u0103 totu\u015fi multe pove\u015fti de succes chiar \u015fi \u00eentr-un domeniu care, la scar\u0103 na\u0163ional\u0103, este neperformant. Iata \u201eaventura” unui C.A.P. din jude\u0163ul Arad care a supravie\u0163uit comunismului, iar \u00een 2011 a ajuns s\u0103 reprezinte un model de afacere agricol\u0103. \u201eCAP-ul capitalist” de la Curtici are o cifr\u0103 de afaceri de 10 milioane de euro pe an, pl\u0103te\u015fte asocia\u0163ilor anual c\u00e2te 1500 de kilograme de gr\u00e2u la hectar (record na\u0163ional) iar tractori\u015ftii au ajuns s\u0103 c\u00e2\u015ftige \u015fi 2300 de euro pe lun\u0103 \u00een sezon.<\/h4>\n

\u00cen 1987 inginerul agronom Dimitrie Musc\u0103 a fost numit pre\u015fedinte \u015fi inginer \u015fef la „CAP Lumea Nou\u0103” din localitatea ar\u0103dean\u0103 Curtici. \u00cen doar doi ani, cooperativa a trecut de la 500.000 lei pierdere la 9 milioane lei profit \u015fi le-a f\u0103cut \u0163\u0103ranilor brut\u0103rie \u00een sat. Apoi a venit Revolu\u0163ia \u015fi marea \u00eempropriet\u0103rire postdecembrist\u0103. \u00centr-o zi, Musc\u0103 s-a trezit \u00een curtea CAP-ului cu majoritatea proaspe\u0163ilor proprietari de terenuri. „\u00abNoi nu vrem s\u0103 se desfiin\u0163eze CAP-ul nostru. Cu ce o s\u0103 ne alegem fiecare? Cu o c\u0103r\u0103mid\u0103 din grajd pe care s-o ducem acas\u0103? Vrem s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2nem \u00een continuare \u00een asocia\u0163ie, iar tu s\u0103 ne conduci pe mai departe, c\u0103 ai f\u0103cut treab\u0103 bun\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 acum\u00bb”, \u00ee\u015fi aminte\u015fte inginerul.<\/h4>\n

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Dou\u0103zeci \u015fi unu de ani mai t\u00e2rziu, Dimitrie Musc\u0103 conduce practic acela\u015fi CAP, convertit \u00eens\u0103 \u00eentr-o \u00eentreprindere agricol\u0103 capitalist\u0103 numit\u0103 Combinatul Agroindustrial Curtici (CAI Curtici). Asocia\u0163ia ob\u0163ine produc\u0163ii record \u015fi desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103 o mul\u0163ime de afaceri colaterale care, toate la un loc, genereaz\u0103 o cifr\u0103 de afaceri anual\u0103 de aproape 10 milioane de euro. Membrii asocia\u0163iei sunt cei 2200 de \u0163\u0103rani din Curtici \u015fi din satele \u00eenvecinate care au acceptat s\u0103-\u015fi lucreze mai departe p\u0103m\u00e2nturile la comun: „P\u0103m\u00e2ntul este al oamenilor ca \u015fi tot patrimonial de aici. \u00cen 1989, lucram o suprafa\u0163\u0103 de  2200 de hectare de p\u0103m\u00e2nt \u015fi din asocia\u0163ie au ie\u015fit vreo 240 ha. La \u00eenceput, lumea a fost reticent\u0103 \u015fi ne-a acuzat c\u0103 facem CAP \u00een democra\u0163ie. Pe \u0103ia i-am desp\u0103gubit cu exact partea care le-a revenit \u00een func\u0163ie de suprafa\u0163a de p\u0103m\u00e2nt \u015fi capitalul pe care-l de\u0163ineau. Pe parcurs, mul\u0163i dintre \u0163\u0103ranii din zon\u0103 \u015fi-au dat seama de utilitatea intr\u0103rii \u00een asocia\u0163ie astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t, Combinatul Agroindustrial Curtici lucreaz\u0103 ast\u0103zi 5.850 hectare de p\u0103m\u00e2nt”, spune Musc\u0103 care pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 func\u0163ia de director general este \u015fi  asociat cu un hectar de teren \u00een CAI Curtici.<\/h4>\n

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Ce dividende prime\u015fte un asociat la CAI Curtici <\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00cen contextul \u00een care \u00een majoritatea satelor Rom\u00e2niei cantitatea de gr\u00e2ne pe care un \u0163\u0103ran o prime\u015fte c\u00e2nd \u00ee\u015fi arendeaz\u0103 p\u0103m\u00e2ntul  nu dep\u0103\u015fe\u015fte 600 kg\/ha, \u0163\u0103ranii de la asocia\u0163ia din Curtici au beneficii de 2,5 ori mai mari: „Omul prime\u015fte \u00een medie 1500 de kilograme de cereale pe hectarul de p\u0103m\u00e2nt adus \u00een societate. Cantitatea de o ton\u0103 \u015fi jum\u0103tate la hectar nu se d\u0103 nici \u00een \u0163ar\u0103,  nici \u00een Europa \u015fi nu se d\u0103 nic\u0103ieri \u00een lume. Cu toate c\u0103 am dat at\u00e2t de mult ne-a r\u0103mas \u015fi profit substan\u0163ial \u00een fiecare an, fiindc\u0103  noi avem ni\u015fte performan\u0163e deosebite \u015fi ne-a dat m\u00e2na. Doar anul trecut am f\u0103cut sub 6 tone de gr\u00e2u pentru c\u0103 ne-a lovit o grindin\u0103 puternic\u0103 pe 1260 hectare cu gr\u00e2u \u015fi pe 860 hectare de porumb. \u00cen rest, \u00een ultimii 10 ani, noi am f\u0103cut \u00een medie aproximativ 7000 de kilograme de gr\u00e2u la hectar, porumb boabe \u00eentre 11 \u015fi 12 tone la hectar \u015fi floarea soarelui peste 3200 kg\/ha”, spune Musc\u0103.<\/h4>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/h4>\n

Forma de plat\u0103 e flexibil\u0103. Pentru fiecare hectar de teren adus \u00een asocia\u0163ie, un membru poate opta s\u0103 primeasc\u0103 fie 750 de kilograme de porumb boabe uscat \u015fi 750 de kilograme de gr\u00e2u, fie contravaloarea \u00een bani a gr\u00e2nelor la pre\u0163ul pie\u0163ei. De asemenea, \u00een locul celor 750 de kilograme de gr\u00e2u poate alege s\u0103 primeasc\u0103 300 de kilograme de p\u00e2ine: „Prime\u015fte bonuri \u015fi vine \u015fi \u00ee\u015fi ia de ele \u00een fiecare zi p\u00e2inea proasp\u0103t\u0103 de la brut\u0103riile noastre”, explic\u0103 inginerul.<\/h4>\n

\u00cen ciuda ratei de profit mari, \u00eentre asocia\u0163i \u015fi directorul „CAP-ului” mai apar uneori divergen\u0163e: „Au venit oameni \u015fi mi-au spus: .Atunci m-am sup\u0103rat \u015fi am vrut s\u0103 plec pentru c\u0103 nu mai era o preten\u0163ie normal\u0103. Dar au \u00een\u0163eles c\u0103 e nevoie \u015fi de bani pentru investi\u0163ii \u015fi s-au potolit”, mai spune Musc\u0103.<\/h4>\n

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Cum a crescut averea pus\u0103 „la comun”<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Din profit, asocia\u0163ia agricol\u0103 de la Curtici investe\u015fte anual \u00een utilaje aproximativ un milion de euro: „\u00cen ’90 am \u00eenceput cu 4 camioane \u015fi un tractor. Acum numai \u00een mecanizare avem b\u0103gate 8,5 milioane de euro. \u00cen parcul de utilaje avem numai supercombine Class, tractoare Fendt, ma\u015fini de sem\u0103nat p\u0103ioase \u015fi pr\u0103\u015fitoare marca Horsch din Germania. Toat\u0103 tehnica este de calitate nem\u0163easc\u0103. Chiar acum am cump\u0103rat \u015fi 3 tiruri  Scania”.<\/h4>\n

\u00cen prezent, asocia\u0163ia \u0163\u0103ranilor din Curtici a dezvoltat o palet\u0103 de afaceri integrate care transform\u0103 produc\u0163ia agricol\u0103 primar\u0103 \u00een produse alimentare cu valoare ad\u0103ugat\u0103 ridicat\u0103: „Produc\u0163ia vegetal\u0103 e folosit\u0103 ca nutre\u0163 pentru animale \u015fi pentru ob\u0163inerea de produse de panifica\u0163ie-patiserie. Avem o ferm\u0103 cu 200 de vaci de carne \u015fi 860 de capete de vaci Holstein cu produc\u0163ii mari de lapte, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t la ora actual\u0103 facem 9500-10.000 de litri de lapte produc\u0163ie medie pe cap de animal. Am construit o fabric\u0103 cu 17 produse ale laptelui. Avem \u015fi un complex ultramodern cu 25.000 de capete de porci \u015fi am deschis o unitate de abatorizare cu \u015ftampil\u0103 oval\u0103, care ne permite s\u0103 ne vindem marfa oriunde \u00een  UE. De\u0163inem \u015fi o re\u0163ea de 27 de magazine proprii \u00een jude\u0163ele Arad \u015fi Timi\u015f \u00een care desfacem exclusiv produsele noastre: p\u00e2ine, cozonaci, produse de patiserie, lactate, carne, salam \u015fi c\u00e2rna\u0163i, pepeni \u015fi legume. \u00cencas\u0103rile zilnice acum sunt \u00een medie de 40.000 euro, bani care se adun\u0103 cash \u015fi care ne ajut\u0103 s\u0103 nu avem probleme de lichiditate. \u00cen plus suntem \u015fi proprietarii unui restaurant \u015fi ai unei mini-gr\u0103dini zoologice pentru copiii din Curtici”, sus\u0163ine directorul CAP-ului.<\/h4>\n

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Inginerul Musc\u0103 \u015fi-a ridicat \u00een cap satul natal<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Dimitrie Musc\u0103 e de loc din comuna Olari, aflat\u0103 la doar 15 kilometri de Curtici: „M\u0103 \u015ftiau oamenii, c\u0103 \u00eentre cele dou\u0103 localit\u0103\u0163i e o arunc\u0103tur\u0103 de b\u0103\u0163 \u015fi nu sunt lucruri care s\u0103 nu se aud\u0103 \u015fi s\u0103 se \u015ftie ce am f\u0103cut \u015fi c\u0103 oamenii sunt foarte mul\u0163umi\u0163i. La sf\u00e2r\u015fit de s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 obi\u015fnuiam s\u0103 m\u0103 duc la p\u0103rin\u0163i \u00een vizit\u0103 \u015fi am ajuns ca duminicile s\u0103 nu mai puteam \u00eenchide u\u015fa, c\u0103 d\u0103deau oamenii din comun\u0103 buzna peste mine \u00een cas\u0103: \u00abDe ce tot timpul ai f\u0103cut treab\u0103 la Curtici \u015fi nou\u0103, pentru c\u0103 e\u015fti de aici, nu ne faci. S\u0103 ne faci \u015fi nou\u0103 asocia\u0163ie\u00bb. A\u015fa c\u0103 acum 6 ani le-am f\u0103cut \u015fi lor o societate tot pe principiul acesta al asocierii \u0163\u0103ranilor. \u00centr-o singur\u0103 duminic\u0103 s-au \u00eenscris 300 de hectare de teren \u015fi \u00een primul an am ajuns la 1270 de hectare. Acum lucrez acolo aproape 2400 de hectare \u015fi am 1100 de ac\u0163ionari. \u00cenainte s\u0103 vin eu, \u00een comuna mea natal\u0103 se f\u0103ceau 2-3 tone de gr\u00e2u la hectar. La ora actual\u0103 produc\u0163iile de acolo sunt la fel ca \u015fi cele de la Curtici, le-am creat \u015fi cons\u0103tenilor mei o baz\u0103 material\u0103 cu tractoare, combine, spa\u0163ii de depozitare \u015fi o brut\u0103rie”. \u00cen prezent \u00abCAI Olari\u00bb este al doilea combinat agroindustrial din jude\u0163ul Arad, dup\u0103 \u00abCAI Curtici\u00bb. La CAI Olari Dimitrie Musc\u0103 nu e doar director, ci \u015fi asociat: „Am adus ca aport tot p\u0103m\u00e2ntul pe care l-am cump\u0103rat \u00een timp, din 1990 \u00eencoace”.<\/h4>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/h4>\n

Salariu de tractorist: 9600 lei\/lun\u0103<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Dimitrie Musc\u0103 spune c\u0103 la cele dou\u0103 asocia\u0163ii agricole lucreaz\u0103 \u00een total 500 de angaja\u0163i. „Cel mai bine sunt pl\u0103ti\u0163i tractori\u015ftii, fiindc\u0103 \u00een m\u00e2na lor e calitatea lucr\u0103rilor agricole. Ei conduc zi lumin\u0103 tractoare care cost\u0103 200.000 euro bucata \u015fi s\u0103 \u015fti\u0163i c\u0103 nu e u\u015for s\u0103 \u0163ii de diminea\u0163\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 seara linia dreapt\u0103 av\u00e2nd \u00een fa\u0163a ta acela\u015fi c\u00e2mp care nu se mai sf\u00e2r\u015fe\u015fte. \u00cen sezon, care dureaz\u0103 3 luni pe an, cel mai bun tractorist al meu ia \u00een m\u00e2n\u0103 9600 lei\/lun\u0103, iar \u015feful tractori\u015ftilor c\u00e2\u015ftig\u0103 15.000 lei”, explic\u0103 directorul.<\/h4>\n

Pe Teodor \u0162igan, \u015feful parcului de tractoare, l-am \u00eentrebat cum se simte la final de lun\u0103 c\u00e2nd \u0163ine \u00een m\u00e2n\u0103 o leaf\u0103 de 15.000 lei. R\u0103spunsul lui: „Nu \u015ftiu. Cardul este la so\u0163ie”. C\u00e2t despre salariul de director general al celui mai mare „CAP” care a rezistat \u00een capitalism, Dimitrie Musc\u0103 precizeaz\u0103 doar at\u00e2t: „Salariul lui Musc\u0103 nu-l dau pe salariul lui B\u0103sescu”.<\/h4>\n

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Cum se \u00eempac\u0103 \u015feful de CAP cu ma\u015finile capitaliste<\/strong><\/h4>\n

La 59 de ani fostul \u015fi actualul „pre\u015fedinte” de CAP conduce succesiv dou\u0103 Mercedesuri de teren: unul clasa G, cel\u0103lalt clasa M cu cutie automat\u0103. Agronomul are pe unul din pere\u0163ii biroului o plasm\u0103 \u00eemp\u0103r\u0163it\u0103 \u00een 16, pe care monitorizeaz\u0103 \u00een acela\u015fi timp imaginile transmise de 16 camere de supraveghere montate \u00een fabrica de lapte, abator \u015fi fabrica de produse de carmangerie, ca s\u0103-i depisteze pe muncitorii care fur\u0103: „S\u0103 nu v\u0103 mire: am prins femei care ascunseser\u0103 pungu\u0163e cu carne la chilo\u0163i”. Acum vreau s\u0103 montez alte 16 camere video ca s\u0103 supraveghez ce se petrece \u00een c\u00e2mp. \u00cen vitrina din birou, al\u0103turi de o mul\u0163ime de cupe ob\u0163inute de-a lungul anilor pentru performan\u0163a \u00een agricultur\u0103, ardeleanul Dimitrie Musc\u0103 are \u015fi o gravur\u0103 cu chipul lui \u015etefan cel Mare, domnitorul Moldovei. Poate de la \u015etefan a \u00eemprumutat \u015fi atitudinea autoritar\u0103, care fac ca  angaja\u0163ii s\u0103 stea \u00een pozi\u0163ia de drep\u0163i \u00een fa\u0163a lui. Chiar \u015fi poli\u0163istul care opre\u015fte ma\u015fini pe marginea \u015foselei, c\u00e2nd \u00eei vede Mercedesul apropiindu-se, \u00eel salut\u0103 reveren\u0163ios. \u00cel \u00eentreb dac\u0103 s-a g\u00e2ndit vreodat\u0103 s\u0103 candideze la prim\u0103rie, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere c\u00e2t e de popular \u00een zon\u0103: „Eu? Niciodat\u0103. Primar poate ajunge \u015fi unul cu 4 clase, pe c\u00e2nd agricultura cere \u015ftiin\u0163\u0103. Nu oricine o poate face”, a venit r\u0103spunsul. \u00cens\u0103 unul din angaja\u0163ii s\u0103i ne-a \u015foptit c\u0103 de\u015fi nu e activ politic, mai cocheteaz\u0103 cu ideea: „Domnul director Musc\u0103 e cel care l-a pus pe actualul primar. Dac\u0103 nu-l sus\u0163inea el crede\u0163i c\u0103 mai ie\u015fea?”.<\/h4>\n

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La Curtici \u015fi la Olari p\u0103m\u00e2ntul nu se vinde<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Urmare a asocia\u0163iilor \u0163\u0103r\u0103ne\u015fti extrem de profitabile constituite \u00een jurul inginerului agronom Dimitrie Musc\u0103, pe raza localit\u0103\u0163ilor Curtici \u015fi Olari nu se mai v\u00e2nd parcele de teren agricol: „De c\u00e2\u0163iva ani, de\u015fi pre\u0163ul a ajuns la 3000 euro hectarul, la noi terenurile nu se mai v\u00e2nd. P\u0103m\u00e2ntul este ultimul lucru la care trebuie s\u0103 renun\u0163e orice om \u00een via\u0163a lui, c\u0103 p\u0103m\u00e2ntul e cel care \u00ee\u0163i asigur\u0103 m\u00e2ncarea. C\u00e2nd omul renun\u0163\u0103 la p\u0103m\u00e2nt, \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 nu i-a  mai r\u0103mas nimic, dec\u00e2t un acoperi\u015f deasupra capului”.<\/h4>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/h4>\n

2 milioane de lei contribu\u0163ie la bugetul local<\/strong>\n<\/em><\/h4>\n

Primarul ora\u015fului Curtici, Nicolae Ani\u0163ei, care este la r\u00e2ndu-i  membru al „CAP-ului” condus de Musc\u0103 , evalueaz\u0103 impactul acestei forme de asociere a \u0163\u0103ranilor, asupra comunit\u0103\u0163ii locale: „Toat\u0103 lumea e ac\u0163ionar \u00een Curtici. Eu am adus \u00een asocia\u0163ie \u00een jur de 7 hectare. Impactul Combinatului Agroindustrial Curtici e enorm \u00een special pe partea de terenuri pentru c\u0103 toate p\u0103m\u00e2nturile sunt lucrate la cel mai profesionist nivel. Asocia\u0163ia \u0163\u0103ranilor e al treilea mare contributor la bugetul consiliului local, cu peste 2 milioane de lei anual”.<\/em><\/h4>\n

\"\"<\/a>\n<\/em><\/h4>\n

Cum se \u00eenfiin\u0163eaz\u0103 un CAP capitalist\n<\/strong><\/em><\/h4>\n

Legea societ\u0103\u0163ilor agricole nr. 36\/1991 prevede c\u0103 dou\u0103 sau mai multe familii se pot asocia pe baz\u0103 de \u00een\u0163elegere verbal\u0103 sau scris\u0103, avind ca scop exploatarea terenurilor agricole, cre\u015fterea animalelor, aprovizionarea, depozitarea, condi\u0163ionarea, prelucrarea si v\u00e2nzarea produselor, prestarea unor servicii, precum \u015fi alte activit\u0103\u0163i.<\/em><\/h4>\n

\u00cen cazul \u00een care asocia\u0163ii doresc, pot constitui \u015fi societ\u0103\u0163i comerciale in conditiile Legii nr.31\/1990<\/a><\/em> privind societatile comerciale.<\/h4>\n

3172 <\/strong>– num\u0103rul de CAP-uri \u00eenainte de Revolu\u0163ie<\/em><\/h4>\n

411 <\/strong>– num\u0103rul de IAS-uri \u00eenainte de Revolu\u0163ie<\/em><\/h4>\n

sub 20<\/strong> – num\u0103rul de CAP-uri care au rezistat p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2011 ca asocia\u0163ii ale \u0163\u0103ranilor\n<\/em><\/h4>\n

Sursa:<\/strong> romanialibera.ro<\/em><\/a><\/h4>
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\u00centr-o \u0163ar\u0103 aproape dependent\u0103 de alimentele din import, ce lucruri bune s-ar putea spune despre agricultur\u0103? Exist\u0103 totu\u015fi multe pove\u015ftiRead More<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1712,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[222,1509,1510,1116,1229,1367,419,59,60,356,371,1511,1512,1513,1514],"class_list":["post-4121","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pareri-si-pozitii-publice","tag-agricultura","tag-agronom","tag-cai","tag-cap","tag-capitalism","tag-curtici","tag-democratie","tag-desteptati","tag-desteptati-va","tag-dimitrie","tag-euro","tag-musca","tag-performanta","tag-productie-record","tag-succes"],"rise-blocks_total_comments":1,"rise-blocks_categories":[{"term_id":17,"name":"Pareri si pozitii publice","slug":"pareri-si-pozitii-publice","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":17,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":18,"filter":"raw"}],"rise-blocks_excerpt":"\u00centr-o \u0163ar\u0103 aproape dependent\u0103 de alimentele din import, ce lucruri bune s-ar putea spune despre agricultur\u0103? Exist\u0103 totu\u015fi multe pove\u015fti de succes chiar \u015fi \u00eentr-un domeniu care, la scar\u0103 na\u0163ional\u0103, este neperformant. Iata \u201eaventura” unui C.A.P. din jude\u0163ul Arad care a supravie\u0163uit comunismului, iar \u00een 2011 a ajuns s\u0103 reprezinte un model de afacere agricol\u0103. \u201eCAP-ul capitalist” de la Curtici..","yoast_head":"\r\nUn CAP capitalist dar "uman" -<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\r\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/desteptati-va.ro\/index.php\/2021\/04\/19\/un-cap-capitalist-dar-uman\/\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Un CAP capitalist dar "uman" -\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00centr-o \u0163ar\u0103 aproape dependent\u0103 de alimentele din import, ce lucruri bune s-ar putea spune despre agricultur\u0103? 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