{"id":4154,"date":"2021-04-20T06:06:31","date_gmt":"2021-04-20T06:06:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/desteptati.ro\/?p=4154"},"modified":"2022-01-17T23:07:44","modified_gmt":"2022-01-17T21:07:44","slug":"cum-traiau-romanii-in-interbelic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/desteptati-va.ro\/index.php\/2021\/04\/20\/cum-traiau-romanii-in-interbelic\/","title":{"rendered":"Cum tr\u0103iau rom\u00e2nii \u00een Interbelic"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Cum tr\u0103iau rom\u00e2nii \u00een Interbelic, perioada s\u0103rac\u0103 \u0219i corupt\u0103 dup\u0103 care suntem nostalgici<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Antropologul Radu Umbre\u0219 \u00ee\u021bi explic\u0103 de ce solu\u021biile politice \u0219i economice din interbelic au fost gre\u0219ite.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

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Deseori, o societate \u00ee\u0219i aminte\u0219te despre o perioad\u0103 din trecut ca fiind o \u201eepoc\u0103 de aur\u201d. Fenomenul nu este nici nou, nici rar. \u00cel \u00eent\u00e2lne\u0219ti \u00een miturile orale ale triburilor neolitice, \u00een scrierile grecilor antici sau \u00een nostalgiile contemporane. Sunt mai multe moduri \u00een care se poate explica aceast\u0103 tendin\u021b\u0103, dar privirea spre trecut spune de obicei mai mult despre prezentul celor care valorizeaz\u0103 o epoca apus\u0103 dec\u00e2t despre acea perioada real\u0103 din istorie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un studiu recent<\/a> a \u00eentrebat romanii despre ce figuri istorice \u0219i ce perioade consider\u0103 ca sunt cele mai bune \u0219i importante din istoria tarii. Nu m-am mirat s\u0103 v\u0103d c\u0103 perioada interbelica \u0219i regele Mihai au ie\u0219it pe primul loc. Dup\u0103 1989, mitul interbelicului de aur \u0219i al personalit\u0103\u021bilor sale nemaipomenite a crescut \u00een directa propor\u021bie cu demonizarea perioadei comuniste \u0219i dezam\u0103girea oferit\u0103 de prezent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Unul dintre avantajele simbolice ale interbelicului este c\u0103 aproape nimeni nu a tr\u0103it \u00een el \u0219i nu are experien\u021ba direct\u0103 a epocii mitice. \u00cen timpul propriei mele cercet\u0103ri doctorale<\/a> de teren, am ajuns deseori s\u0103 vorbesc cu oamenii dintr-un sat din nordul Rom\u00e2niei despre via\u021ba p\u0103rin\u021bilor \u0219i a bunicilor lor. \u00centr-o vreme c\u00e2nd imensa majoritate a rom\u00e2nilor erau \u021b\u0103rani, pove\u0219tile lor spun mai mult dec\u00e2t arhitectura interbelic\u0103 din Bucuresti sau operele de tinere\u021be ale lui Eliade sau Cioran. Interbelicul pentru \u201etalpa \u021b\u0103rii\u201d era, \u00eens\u0103, departe de miturile \u00een care poate credem. Iat\u0103 c\u00e2teva momente din via\u021ba acestora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

F\u0103ceai mul\u021bi copii, pentru c\u0103 tr\u0103iau doar jum\u0103tate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u00ceNMORM\u00c2NTAREA UNUI COPIL, \u00ceN INTERBELIC. FOTOGRAFIE DE COSTIC\u0102 AXINTE VIA FLICKR<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

O familie, a c\u0103rei istorie de via\u021b\u0103 am \u00eenregistrat-o, a avut 13 copii. Doar \u0219apte au tr\u0103it p\u00e2n\u0103 la 18 ani. Unii au murit p\u00e2n\u0103 s\u0103 \u00eemplineasc\u0103 un an, o mortalitate infantil\u0103 cauzat\u0103 de condi\u021biile precare de alimenta\u021bie, igien\u0103, acces la medicin\u0103. Al\u021bii au murit de boli curabile, dar fatale dat\u0103 fiind absen\u021ba serviciilor de s\u0103n\u0103tate, a medicamentelor, a informa\u021biei. \u0218i \u00een acest caz vorbim de o gospod\u0103rie relativ prosper\u0103. S\u0103racii tr\u0103iau \u0219i mai prost, \u0219i mai pu\u021bin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Este adev\u0103rat c\u0103 \u021b\u0103ranii au fost \u00eempropriet\u0103ri\u021bi dup\u0103 Primul R\u0103zboi Mondial. De fapt, promisiunea<\/a> regelui Ferdinand \u0219i a generalului Averescu de a da p\u0103m\u00e2nt \u021b\u0103ranilor-solda\u021bi (sau familiilor lor \u00een cazul \u00een care mureau pe front) a motivat o armat\u0103 debusolat\u0103 \u0219i nepreg\u0103tit\u0103 mai mult dec\u00e2t idealurile na\u021bionaliste pe care le proiect\u0103m anacronic asupra lor. \u00cen memoria \u021b\u0103ranilor, nu Marea Unire, ci \u00eempropriet\u0103rirea a r\u0103mas evenimentul marcant. \u00cens\u0103 via\u021ba lor nu a fost cu mult mai bun\u0103. Tehnologia rudimentar\u0103, pie\u021bele agrare disfunc\u021bionale, fragmentarea propriet\u0103\u021bilor prin mo\u0219tenire \u0219i alte cercuri vicioase au f\u0103cut ca gospod\u0103riile \u021b\u0103r\u0103ne\u0219ti s\u0103 tr\u0103iasc\u0103 de la un an la altul, folosind strategii de supravie\u021buire care au r\u0103mas \u00eenc\u0103 \u00een cultura contemporan\u0103 cum ar fi ne\u00eencrederea \u00een stat, cultura secretitudinii, \u0219i limitarea generozit\u0103\u021bii la familie, rude \u0219i prieteni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Colectivizarea<\/a> de dup\u0103 r\u0103zboi a fost perceput\u0103 ca o nedreptate profund\u0103, iar \u021b\u0103ranii au \u00eencercat s\u0103 se opun\u0103 c\u00e2t \u0219i cum au putut. Dar pragmatismul i-a f\u0103cut s\u0103 recunoasc\u0103 avantajele agriculturii industriale, c\u00e2nd tractoarele sovietice arau c\u00e2mpuri \u00een\u021belenite pe care plugurile cu boi din interbelic nu le-ar fi arat \u00een veci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Fraudarea alegerilor este una dintre cele mai vechi tradi\u0163ii rom\u00e2ne\u015fti<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Se mima democra\u021bia<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dac\u0103 prezentul ne coloreaz\u0103 imaginea trecutului, e interesant s\u0103 compar\u0103m ce ne doare ast\u0103zi cu modul \u00een care st\u0103teau lucrurile \u00een interbelic. De exemplu, disperarea pe care o resim\u021bim \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu clasa politic\u0103, cu corup\u021bia, cu ineficien\u021ba \u0219i sl\u0103biciunea statului. Sigur \u00een interbelic era mai bine, nu?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nu prea. Unele asem\u0103n\u0103ri sunt izbitoare. La sat, lumea vota cum le spunea primarul, sau \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103torul, sau preotul. \u00ce\u0219i sprijineau neamurile, indiferent dac\u0103 acestea erau capabile sau bine-inten\u021bionate sau nu, loialit\u0103\u021bile politice fiind mai mult tribale dec\u00e2t cet\u0103\u021bene\u0219ti. \u021a\u0103ranii \u00een\u021belegeau pu\u021bin din ideologiile politice \u0219i aveau un acces redus la informa\u021bii relevante. 40% dintre romani<\/a> erau oficial analfabe\u021bi \u00een 1930, probabil mult mai mul\u021bi dintre ei analfabe\u021bi func\u021bionali, \u021bin\u00e2nd cont c\u0103 majoritatea oamenilor din satul pe care l-am studiat f\u0103ceau maximum dou\u0103 sau patru clase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Politica na\u021bional\u0103 se baza pe rela\u021bii clientelare prin care politicienii \u00ee\u0219i exercitau puterea, \u0219i pe prea-familiarul neo-patrimonialism, \u00een care administratorii resurselor publice le foloseau ca \u0219i cum ar fi fost bunuri personale. Democra\u021bia era mai mult mimat\u0103, partidul care organiza alegerile fiind \u0219i cel care le c\u00e2\u0219tiga (cunoscut, nu?). Repetatele scandaluri de corup\u021bie<\/a> la v\u00e2rful statului au f\u0103cut oamenii de r\u00e2nd s\u0103 dispre\u021buiasc\u0103 politicienii \u0219i s\u0103 simt\u0103 c\u0103 popula\u021bia are prea pu\u021bin\u0103 putere pentru a dicta interesul public.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Perceptorul din sat (cel care str\u00e2ngea taxele) s-a \u00eembog\u0103\u021bit de pe urma func\u021biei, a cump\u0103rat aproape 50 de hectare de p\u0103m\u00e2nt \u0219i \u0219i-a trimis to\u021bi copiii la facultate. Cei ale c\u0103ror taxe le colecta (\u00een moduri mai mult sau mai pu\u021bin oneste), abia str\u00e2ngeau banii ca s\u0103 nu li se confi\u0219te bunurile. \u201ePl\u0103te\u0219te Moromete foncirea!\u201d nu e doar o expresie haioas\u0103 de \u021binut minte pentru bac, ci reflect\u0103 exploatarea \u021b\u0103ranilor de c\u0103tre un stat, prin reprezentan\u021bii s\u0103i mai preocupa\u021bi de interese personale dec\u00e2t de bun\u0103starea popula\u021biei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Solutia salvatoare din interbelic a fost Mi\u0219carea Legionar\u0103<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interbelicul a avut si el mi\u0219carea sa #Rezist. Adic\u0103 o mi\u0219care popular\u0103, \u00eempotriva establishment-ului, \u00eempotriva corup\u021biei \u0219i a destr\u0103m\u0103rii statului, o ini\u021biativ\u0103 de regenerare social\u0103 \u0219i na\u021bional\u0103. Din p\u0103cate, \u00een condi\u021biile interbelicului aceasta a fost Mi\u0219carea Legionar\u0103.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fascinant, aceasta a fost singura mi\u0219care care a trezit sentimente politice autentice \u0219i dezinteresate chiar \u0219i \u00een satul pe care l-am studiat. Mai mult, recentul val al noii drepte rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti, de la teologi reinventa\u021bi ca politicieni la rapperi transforma\u021bi \u00een profe\u021bi, se revendic\u0103 direct sau indirect de ideologiile de la baza Mi\u0219c\u0103rii Legionare. La fel \u0219i discursul anti-european, anti-corpora\u021bii, anti-modernitate, anti-diversitate circulat de-a lungul \u00eentregului e\u0219ichier politic contemporan al marilor partide parlamentare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pe fondul e\u0219ecului politicii parlamentare \u0219i a economiei subdezvoltate din interbelic, o mare parte a popula\u021biei a ajuns s\u0103 g\u0103seasc\u0103 un du\u0219man comun. Sursa r\u0103ului era evreul. Paradoxal, prezen\u021ba evreilor \u00een zona satului pe care \u00eel cunosc aducea multe avantaje. Unii erau comercian\u021bi care cump\u0103rau produse de la \u021b\u0103rani (de exemplu pielicele de miel) \u0219i le vindeau produse importate. O b\u0103tr\u00e2na (unul dintre cei 7 copii supravie\u021buitori) mi-a ar\u0103tat uneltele agricole Solingen ale tat\u0103lui s\u0103u cump\u0103rate de la negustorii evrei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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CROITORI \u00ceN INTERBELIC. FOTOGRAFIE DE COSTIC\u0102 AXINTE VIA FLICKR<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Al\u021bii erau meseria\u0219i care produceau cojoace, c\u0103ciuli sau scule. Tinere rom\u00e2nce f\u0103ceau ucenicie la familii de evrei pentru a \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba meseria de croitoreas\u0103, iar \u021b\u0103ranii erau angaja\u021bi s\u0103 presteze muncile interzise de Sabat. Mul\u021bi evrei educa\u021bi aveau ocupa\u021bii liberale, asigur\u00e2nd servicii legale (cum ar fi avocatul evreu care a reprezentat o familie \u00eentr-un dificil proces de divor\u021b) sau servicii medicale (un medic evreu a salvat o feti\u021b\u0103 cu antibiotice c\u00e2nd spitalul regional a trimis-o acas\u0103 s\u0103 moar\u0103).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu toate acestea, antisemitismul a prins \u0219i \u00een acest sat. Pogromuri repetate au fost urmate de formarea unor ghetouri urbane \u0219i apoi de deportarea evreilor in Transnistria<\/a>. Mul\u021bi \u021b\u0103rani au ascuns familii de evrei din calea autorit\u0103\u021bilor, dar \u0219i din calea cons\u0103tenilor \u0219i a ora\u0219enilor dornici s\u0103 profite de pe urma nenorocirilor care li se \u00eent\u00e2mplau concet\u0103\u021benilor care nu aveau alt\u0103 vin\u0103 dec\u00e2t c\u0103 apar\u021bineau unei etnii diferite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PUBLICITATE<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Frustr\u0103rile acumulate \u00een interbelicul \u201eglorios\u201d<\/a> au dus la o acceptare, dac\u0103 nu chiar o \u00eencurajare a Holocaustului \u00een Rom\u00e2nia din partea popula\u021biei majoritare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cum vedeau str\u0103inii Rom\u00e2nia la 1930<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Perioada interbelic\u0103 nu a fost ie\u0219it\u0103 din comun pentru traseul istoric al Rom\u00e2niei. Problemele sale ne sunt foarte familiare: s\u0103r\u0103cie, corup\u021bie, subdezvoltare, administra\u021bie ineficient\u0103, sistem politic disfunc\u021bional. Dar poate c\u0103 lucrurile st\u0103teau mai bine dac\u0103 ie\u0219i din sat \u0219i te ui\u021bi spre ora\u0219. Olivia Manning ajunge \u00een Bucure\u0219ti urm\u00e2ndu-\u0219i so\u021bul proasp\u0103t angajat la British Council, iar experien\u021ba sa apare \u00eentr-un roman numit Trilogia Balcanica<\/em><\/a>. Scriitoarea petrece un an chiar \u00eenaintea intr\u0103rii Rom\u00e2niei \u00een r\u0103zboi \u0219i prive\u0219te cu ochii str\u0103inului o societate profund surprinz\u0103toare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pe de o parte, este \u0219ocat\u0103 de luxul protipendadei, de icrele negre \u0219i de \u0219ampania consumate din abunden\u021b\u0103 \u00een restaurantele chic \u201ede la \u0218osea\u201d. Pe de alt\u0103 parte, vede str\u0103zile de p\u0103m\u00e2nt de l\u00e2ng\u0103 Calea Victoriei, cum D\u00e2mbovi\u021ba era o jungl\u0103 naturala \u00een mijlocul capitalei, cum \u021b\u0103ranii s\u0103r\u0103ci\u021bi ajung cer\u0219etori sau servitori umili \u00een ora\u0219. Poart\u0103 conversa\u021bii fascinante cu elita bucure\u0219tean\u0103 \u0219colit\u0103 \u00een Vestul Europei \u0219i atras\u0103 cultural de acesta. \u00cens\u0103 \u00eencepe sa vad\u0103 cum, sub pojghi\u021ba de civiliza\u021bie urban\u0103, majoritatea sunt \u00eenc\u0103 m\u00e2na\u021bi de o cultur\u0103 \u021b\u0103r\u0103neasc\u0103, plin\u0103 de b\u00e2rf\u0103 \u0219i intrigi, cu alambicate viclenii \u00een limbaj \u0219i comportament. Vede cum scopul celor mai mul\u021bi este de a prinde o slujb\u0103 la stat, o sinecur\u0103, un loc c\u0103ldu\u021b care s\u0103 nu presupun\u0103 riscuri ci doar \u201epila\u201d potrivit\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Relatarea ei este plin\u0103 de compasiune, \u00eens\u0103 reflect\u0103 o parte a realit\u0103\u021bii istorice a interbelicului. Rom\u00e2nia era o \u021bar\u0103 modern\u0103 doar la suprafa\u021b\u0103, cu institu\u021bii contemporane, dar cu actori pre-moderni, c\u0103l\u0103uzi\u021bi de reprezent\u0103ri \u0219i practici feudale sau \u021b\u0103rane\u0219ti. Interbelicul reprezint\u0103 o epoc\u0103 de progres \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te imitarea formelor politice, sociale, sau economice ale Europei de Vest, dar schimb\u0103rile au fost mai mult superficiale. Produsul intern brut abia dac\u0103 s-a dublat \u00eentre cele doua r\u0103zboaie mondiale \u0219i era la jum\u0103tatea Ungariei. Spre compara\u021bie, el s-a triplat intre 1950 si 1960<\/a>. Bine\u00een\u021beles ca aceast\u0103 din urm\u0103 cre\u0219tere economic\u0103 s-a realizat pe fondul unei dictaturi de inspira\u021bie bol\u0219evic\u0103, dar interbelicul a avut \u0219i el formele sale de autoritarism f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 produc\u0103 un progres economic sau social remarcabil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce po\u021bi \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba din interbelic<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sunt multe lucruri frumoase \u00een interbelic despre care nu am men\u021bionat. Exist\u0103 multe momente de care po\u021bi fi m\u00e2ndru \u00een arhitectura modernist\u0103, oameni de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103, industrie, tradi\u021bii folclorice, educa\u021bie sau art\u0103. Trebuie sa accep\u021bi c\u0103 acestea reprezentau doar v\u00e2rful aisbergului, o pojghi\u021b\u0103 sub\u021bire de realiz\u0103ri remarcabile peste un munte de mediocritate \u0219i subdezvoltare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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B\u0102RBAT CU TRACTOR. FOTOGRAFIE DE COSTIC\u0102 AXINTE, DIN ARHIVA GEORGETEI DR\u0102G\u0102NESCU VIA FLICKR<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u00cens\u0103, chiar cu toate aceste neajunsuri economice \u0219i sociale, lucrurile au \u00eenceput s\u0103 se mi\u0219te \u00een interbelicul rom\u00e2nesc. Extinderea sistemului de educa\u021bie, dezvoltarea capitalismului, urbanizarea \u0219i reforma agrar\u0103 au creat o p\u0103tur\u0103 de mijloc incipient\u0103 pe fondul moderniz\u0103rii Rom\u00e2niei. Este adev\u0103rat c\u0103 pu\u021bini beneficiau de pe urma racord\u0103rii Rom\u00e2niei la societatea economic\u0103 \u0219i intelectual\u0103 global\u0103, dar m\u0103car se f\u0103ceau primii pa\u0219i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PUBLICITATE<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dac\u0103 po\u021bi inv\u0103\u021ba ceva din interbelic, este s\u0103 nu te ui\u021bi spre trecut pentru a g\u0103si idealuri sau solu\u021bii. Institu\u021biile \u0219i ideile de inspira\u021bie occidental\u0103 erau \u201eforme f\u0103r\u0103 fond\u201d pentru \u021b\u0103ranii care semanau cu m\u00e2na si arau cu boii, dar la v\u00e2rful societ\u0103\u021bii ele reu\u0219eau sa \u00eemping\u0103 lucrurile spre progres social.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Perioada interbelic\u0103 a fost prea scurt\u0103 pentru a vedea c\u00e2t succes ar fi avut evolu\u021bia istoric\u0103 a Rom\u00e2niei altfel dec\u00e2t sub dictatura comunist\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Persisten\u021ba \u201eproblemei \u021b\u0103rane\u0219ti\u201d sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 solu\u021biile politice \u0219i economice din interbelic au fost gre\u0219ite, iar societatea suferea de probleme structurale greu de rezolvat peste noapte. O dovad\u0103 este modul \u00een care decolectivizarea post-1989 a aruncat agricultura \u00eenapoi \u00een structurile de proprietate si produc\u021bie din interbelic, duc\u00e2nd la pr\u0103bu\u0219irea productivit\u0103\u021bii economice. Lucrurile se schimbau \u00eens\u0103 \u00een bine \u00een acele mici dar cresc\u00e2nde pungi de modernitate inspirate \u0219i aspir\u00e2nd spre Occident \u0219i lumea interna\u021bional\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Atunci c\u00e2nd elitele rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti din interbelic au \u00eenceput s\u0103 se uite spre trecut pentru a g\u0103si inspira\u021bie \u0219i solu\u021bii, atunci ele au inventat o utopie etnicist\u0103 mistic\u0103, bazat\u0103 pe cultul mor\u021bii \u0219i al sacrificiului sau crimei pentru neam. Mi\u0219carea Legionar\u0103 \u0219i alte curente similare \u0219i-au f\u0103urit un model pentru viitor construit pe un trecut idealizat p\u00e2n\u0103 la mit. Nu a contat c\u0103 societatea romaneasc\u0103 tradi\u021bional\u0103 nu a oferit vreodat\u0103 un asemenea exemplu, chiar dimpotriv\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La fel m\u0103 tem c\u0103 ne uitam spre interbelic \u0219i culegem doar ce ne place. Mai bine am putea \u00een\u021belege ce a fost bun \u0219i s\u0103 \u00eencerc\u0103m sa \u00eel replic\u0103m. \u0218i \u021b\u0103ranii \u0219i intelectualii luau decizii bune c\u00e2nd se uitau spre viitor \u0219i spre cel altfel dec\u00e2t ei, dec\u00e2t atunci c\u00e2nd s-au l\u0103sat condu\u0219i de iluzii paseiste \u0219i minciuni convenabile. Poate c\u0103 asta chiar putem \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba din interbelic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lecturi care au inspirat articolul:<\/em><\/strong>
Olivia Manning A Balkan Trilogy<\/em>
Bogdan Murgescu: Rom\u00e2nia \u0219i Europa. Acumularea decalajelor economice (1500-2010)<\/em>
Eugene Weber: Dreapta romaneasca<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Radu Umbre\u015f este lector universitar la SNSPA, doctor \u00een antropologie social\u0103 la University College London, si master \u00een sociologie la Universitatea din Oxford.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Cum tr\u0103iau rom\u00e2nii \u00een Interbelic, perioada s\u0103rac\u0103 \u0219i corupt\u0103 dup\u0103 care suntem nostalgici Antropologul Radu Umbre\u0219 \u00ee\u021bi explic\u0103 de ceRead More<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4457,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[218,18],"tags":[1334],"class_list":["post-4154","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","category-perioada-interbelica","tag-saracie"],"rise-blocks_total_comments":159,"rise-blocks_categories":[{"term_id":18,"name":"Perioada Interbelica","slug":"perioada-interbelica","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":18,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":8,"filter":"raw"}],"rise-blocks_excerpt":"Cum tr\u0103iau rom\u00e2nii \u00een Interbelic, perioada s\u0103rac\u0103 \u0219i corupt\u0103 dup\u0103 care suntem nostalgici Antropologul Radu Umbre\u0219 \u00ee\u021bi explic\u0103 de ce solu\u021biile politice \u0219i economice din interbelic au fost gre\u0219ite. Deseori, o societate \u00ee\u0219i aminte\u0219te despre o perioad\u0103 din trecut ca fiind o \u201eepoc\u0103 de aur\u201d. Fenomenul nu este nici nou, nici rar. \u00cel \u00eent\u00e2lne\u0219ti \u00een miturile orale ale triburilor neolitice,..","yoast_head":"\r\nCum tr\u0103iau rom\u00e2nii \u00een Interbelic -<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\r\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/desteptati-va.ro\/index.php\/2021\/04\/20\/cum-traiau-romanii-in-interbelic\/\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cum tr\u0103iau rom\u00e2nii \u00een Interbelic -\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cum tr\u0103iau rom\u00e2nii \u00een Interbelic, perioada s\u0103rac\u0103 \u0219i corupt\u0103 dup\u0103 care suntem nostalgici Antropologul Radu Umbre\u0219 \u00ee\u021bi explic\u0103 de ceRead More\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:url\" 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